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<p>&#x672C;&#x6B65;&#x9AA4;&#x5F15;&#x5165;&#x4E86;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x6982;&#x5FF5;&#x3002;&#x548C;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x53EA;&#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x4E3B;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x672C;&#x6B65;&#x9AA4;&#x4E2D;&#x4F60;&#x5C06;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x6CD5;&#x89C4;&#x5B9A;&#xFF0C;&#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6E90;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x4E2D;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x548C;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x5BF9;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x3002;</p>
<blockquote>
<p>&#x6CE8;&#xFF1A;&#x56E0;&#x8BCD;&#x6CD5;&#x5206;&#x6790;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x89E3;&#x91CA;&#x7684;&#x4E1C;&#x897F;&#x8F83;&#x5C11;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5C06;&#x8BCD;&#x6CD5;&#x548C;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#x5206;&#x6790;&#x5408;&#x4E3A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x662F;&#x76F8;&#x4E92;&#x72EC;&#x7ACB;&#x7684;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#x3002;</p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="&#x8BCD;&#x6CD5;&#x5206;&#x6790;">&#x8BCD;&#x6CD5;&#x5206;&#x6790;</h4>
<p>&#x4F60;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x9017;&#x53F7;<code>,</code>&#x6765;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x5206;&#x9694;&#xFF0C;&#x76EE;&#x524D;&#x7684; Token &#x5217;&#x8868;&#x4E3A;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code>{
}
(
)
;
int
return
Identifier [a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*
Integer literal [0-9]+
-
~
!
+
*
/
&amp;&amp;
||
==
!=
&lt;
&lt;=
&gt;
&gt;=
=
if
else
:
?
for
while
do
break
continue
, // &lt;= &#x6B64;&#x5904;&#x4E3A;&#x65B0;&#x589E;Token
</code></pre><h4 id="&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#x5206;&#x6790;">&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#x5206;&#x6790;</h4>
<p>&#x548C;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x6B65;&#x9AA4;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#xFF0C;&#x672C;&#x6B65;&#x9AA4;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x4E86;&#x5BF9;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x3002;</p>
<ol>
<li><p>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;</p>
<p>&#x5728;&#x6B64;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x6B65;&#x9AA4;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5C06;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6E90;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x4E3A;<strong>&#x53EA;&#x53EF;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x548C;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x5206;&#x79BB;</strong>&#xFF0C;&#x6587;&#x6CD5;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code>&lt;program&gt; ::= &lt;function&gt;
&lt;function&gt; ::= &quot;int&quot; Identifier &quot;(&quot; &quot;)&quot; &quot;{&quot; { &lt;block-item&gt; } &quot;}&quot;
</code></pre><p>&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#xFF0C;&#x4F60;<strong>&#x9996;&#x5148;</strong>&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5217;&#x8868;&#xFF0C;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x5E26;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code>&lt;function&gt; ::= &quot;int&quot; Identifier &quot;(&quot; [ &quot;int&quot; Identifier { &quot;,&quot; &quot;int&quot; Identifier } ] &quot;)&quot;
</code></pre><p><strong>&#x5176;&#x6B21;</strong>&#xFF0C;&#x4F60;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x548C;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x5206;&#x79BB;&#x8FD9;&#x4E00;&#x7279;&#x6027;&#x3002;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x6307;&#x5728;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x8BE5;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x524D;&#x8BF4;&#x660E;&#x5176;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x540D;&#x3001;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5217;&#x8868;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x6307;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x4F53;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5B8C;&#x6574;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5355;&#x5143;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x4F8B;&#x6240;&#x793A;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x9996;&#x5148;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x4E86;<code>foo</code>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x5728;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#x7ED9;&#x51FA;&#x4E86;<code>foo</code>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-C"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> <span class="hljs-title">three</span><span class="hljs-params">()</span></span>;
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> <span class="hljs-title">three</span><span class="hljs-params">()</span> </span>{
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-number">3</span>;
}
</code></pre>
<p><strong>&#x7EFC;&#x4E0A;</strong>&#xFF0C;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x3001;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x4E0E;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5C06;&#x6587;&#x6CD5;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x4E3A;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x6240;&#x793A;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code>&lt;function&gt; ::= &quot;int&quot; Identifier &quot;(&quot; [ &quot;int&quot; Identifier { &quot;,&quot; &quot;int&quot; Identifier } ] &quot;)&quot; ( &quot;{&quot; { &lt;block-item&gt; } &quot;}&quot; | &quot;;&quot; )
</code></pre><blockquote>
<p>&#x6CE8;&#xFF1A;&#x539F;&#x5219;&#x4E0A;&#x540C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x65E0;&#x6570;&#x6B21;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x53EA;&#x80FD;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x3002;&#x672C;&#x5B9E;&#x9A8C;&#x4E2D;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x540C;&#x540D;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x91CD;&#x590D;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x4E0D;&#x505A;&#x8981;&#x6C42;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x5C5E;&#x4E8E;&#x672A;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x884C;&#x4E3A;&#xFF0C;&#x6D4B;&#x4F8B;&#x4E2D;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x540C;&#x540D;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x91CD;&#x590D;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x7684;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x3002;</p>
</blockquote>
</li>
<li><p>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x8C03;&#x7528;</p>
<p>&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code>foo(arg1, arg2, ...)
</code></pre><p>&#x5B83;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x4E86;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x540D;&#x548C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5217;&#x8868;&#xFF0C;&#x548C;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#xFF0C;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4E3A;&#x4EFB;&#x610F;&#x5F62;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5728;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x65F6;&#x5C06;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x540D;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;<code>Identifier</code>&#x5143;&#x7D20;&#xFF0C;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;<code>exp</code>&#x5143;&#x7D20;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#xFF0C;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#x89E3;&#x6790;&#x5668;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x76F8;&#x5E94;&#x7684;AST&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code>exp = ...
    | FunCall(string, exp list) // string is the function name
    ...
</code></pre><p>&#x548C;&#x524D;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x6B65;&#x9AA4;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x4E5F;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x6709;&#x5176;&#x4F18;&#x5148;&#x7EA7;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x5C3D;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x9AD8;&#x7684;&#x4F18;&#x5148;&#x7EA7;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x5728;&#x6587;&#x6CD5;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5C06;&#x5176;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x5230;<code>&lt;factor&gt;</code>&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x4E2D;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code>&lt;exp&gt; ::= Identifier &quot;=&quot; &lt;exp&gt; | &lt;conditional-exp&gt;
&lt;conditional-exp&gt; ::= &lt;logical-or-exp&gt; [ &quot;?&quot; &lt;exp&gt; &quot;:&quot; &lt;conditional-exp&gt; ]
&lt;logical-or-exp&gt; ::= &lt;logical-and-exp&gt; { &quot;||&quot; &lt;logical-and-exp&gt; }
&lt;logical-and-exp&gt; ::= &lt;equality-exp&gt; { &quot;&amp;&amp;&quot; &lt;equality-exp&gt; }
&lt;equality-exp&gt; ::= &lt;relational-exp&gt; { (&quot;!=&quot; | &quot;==&quot;) &lt;relational-exp&gt; }
&lt;relational-exp&gt; ::= &lt;additive-exp&gt; { (&quot;&lt;&quot; | &quot;&gt;&quot; | &quot;&lt;=&quot; | &quot;&gt;=&quot;) &lt;additive-exp&gt; }
&lt;additive-exp&gt; ::= &lt;term&gt; { (&quot;+&quot; | &quot;-&quot;) &lt;term&gt; }
&lt;term&gt; ::= &lt;factor&gt; { (&quot;*&quot; | &quot;/&quot;) &lt;factor&gt; }
&lt;factor&gt; ::= &lt;function-call&gt; | &quot;(&quot; &lt;exp&gt; &quot;)&quot; | &lt;unary_op&gt; &lt;factor&gt; | Integer | Identifier
&lt;function-call&gt; ::= id &quot;(&quot; [ &lt;exp&gt; { &quot;,&quot; &lt;exp&gt; } ] &quot;)&quot; // &lt;= &#x6B64;&#x5904;&#x4E3A;&#x65B0;&#x589E;&#x6587;&#x6CD5;
&lt;unary_op&gt; ::= &quot;!&quot; | &quot;~&quot; | &quot;-&quot;
</code></pre></li>
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